Agile performs testing concurrently with software development whereas in Waterfall methodology testing comes after the build stage. Re-writes to the the program, as the client decides to make changes, are expected. Contact. Instead of taking a “one-shot” approach, Agile methodologies adapt to changing requirements. First released in 1994, DSDM originally sought to provide some discipline to the rapid application development (RAD) method. ai found that 87 percent of Agile adopters used Scrum, with the next most-used methodology being Kanban, at 56 percent . While, agile methodologies try to avoid the excessive use of procedures or tools (Beck and Fowler, 2001), one agile methodology, Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM), does recommend the use. Scrum is an agile method for project management or framework used primarily for software development projects. Risk handling is one of important advantages of the Spiral model, it is best development model to follow due to the risk analysis and risk handling at. Agile is the new kid on the block, relatively speaking, and prizes rapid iteration, autonomy, and flexibility. Differences in adaptability, documentation,. Popular methods include Scrum, Lean, DSDM and eXtreme Programming (XP). The Agile Alliance defines twelve lightness principles for those that need to attain agility: Our highest priority is to satisfy the client through early and continuous delivery of valuable computer software. The meaning of Agile is swift or versatile. In the last two decades, software development has undergone an Agile transformation because of the many benefits like improved quality and predictability across projects. What is the Agile methodology? Agile methodology is a practice that helps continuous iteration of development and testing in the software development process. One of the important agile interview questions. Whether an organization develops applications with an Agile- or Waterfall-based methodology. To understand the importance of continuous delivery, you need to know something about the history of agility and where agile methods came from. The following are the disadvantages of Agile methodology-. 2) Scrum. In Waterfall, testing phase comes after the build phase. The benefits that the method provides such as increased business value, faster go to market, greater transparency among the team, and better quality management is enough to push a number of businesses across a range of. For those that don’t know what “Wagile” is, Wikipedia describes it as: a group of software development methodologies that result from slipping from agile back into. ), not simply limiting a practitioner to one agile approach. Agile. Its goal is to dramatically improve productivity in teams and to deliver new software every 2-4 weeks. Agile Methodology has important principles which include customer satisfaction, co-operation, and communication, working software importance, and embracing change, to name but a few. One thing that distinguishes waterfall from other SDLC models (like Agile) is that phases are performed sequentially. This process allows more communication between customers, developers, managers, and testers. In this case, planning is an ongoing process since the team works on an active sprint. The key difference between “good Wagile” and “bad Wagile” is making it part of a continuous improvement process. Product is developed fast and frequently delivered (weeks rather than months. In our guide, you'll discover the advantages and disadvantages of both Waterfall and Agile and learn how to successfully lead an Agile transition without falling into the Wagile trap. Then in 2001, the Agile Manifesto (Agilemanifesto, 2001) was created, describing the values and principles of the Agile software development processes. Agile Scrum methodology involves forming teams with diversity, strong communicative teamwork, frequent feedbacks from clients, a lot. It’s not a single method but a collection of. Click on the “station” circles to read the full definition for each term. Agile software development methods support a broad range of the software development life cycle. Agile is an iterative development methodology, where the entire project team participates in all the activities. When using an agile methodology, teams can breakdown projects into sprints and collaborate with one another to provide high-quality results. The Agile method is a management process that empowers you and your team to respond to the ever-changing nature of business. ” Life Cycle, Methodology, and Examples. Like a waterfall, each process phase cascades downward sequentially through five stages (requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance). About us. Applying this project management concept to processes and other types of projects was foreseen from the very beginning. Simply put, the Agile Manifesto illuminates the path to success through its four core values. One of the key features of Agile is its iterative approach to development. Agile methodologies foster an open culture of idea exchange and collaboration which allows team members to learn from shared experiences and improve together. In the traditional model, it is defined only once by the business analyst. The BIS Scrum team is comprised of a Product Owner, a ScrumMaster, analysts, and developers. Print Worksheet. PMLC-Agile follows the Scrum framework illustrated in Exhibit 3. Incremental delivery may help bring products to market faster, but it’s also a big disadvantage of Agile methodology. The agile method has 4 core principles that are defined in the Agile Manifesto, which we detail further below. Following the agile method ensures that the team builds good products and the client is satisfied. We had a candidate project and our old waterfall methodology (complete with a power-point slide of a circular arrow representing iterative development. At its core, the Agile methodology. Agile Methodology Examples and Case Studies - ADAPTOVATE. We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Scrum. On the other hand, agile methodology refers to a product development process that is iterative and incremental, where the activities of a project get completed in any order. The incremental parts of a project are carried. The idea is to break the development process down into bite-size pieces, increments, allowing the developers to make fast gradual changes to create a perfect end product. In contrast, Agile project management is the application of these methodologies to effectively plan, execute, and monitor projects while adhering to Agile principles. Software is produced early in the software life cycle. ”. Agile development is an umbrella term for iterative development methodologies focused on adaptive planning, faster delive ry, co ntinuous improvement, and the ability to evolv e. Depending on the scale, scope, and NEW/innovative work, various tools are used during. The Agile Manifesto is the approach to software project management that helps companies to be more flexible, responsive, and ready to face new challenges. 6/26/2023. A common agile project management definition includes iterative approaches and regular phases of planning. Every Sprint is 10 days long. By Dan Radigan. When we started to roll out Agile here, we had to do it in baby steps. Scrum. The State of Agile reports that 75% of the companies adopt agile because of the accelerated software delivery, while 55% stated increased productivity as the main reason for adopting it. This methodology was developed to. When followed and implemented properly, Agile helps teams deliver high-quality software on time and within budget. 2. This free online Agile Methodology course is a quick and practical guide to the agile process. The idea is for your team to have a clear, unified approach for how to define and complete work. Features are used to describe the functionality at a macro level, and they are required to create schedules and plan the high-level release of the product. Teams get easily sidetracked due to lack of processes. The agile methodologies try to define following disciplines: PM, project life-cycle, team management, engineering and delivery6. The importance of agile documentation in the agile software release cycle can. One more difference between Waterfall and Agile is their individual approach towards testing and quality. Accordingly, the whole work will be split into small, manageable chunks that. You’ve likely heard of some of the core process models or methodologies like Scrum, Lean, and Kanban, and Crystal is another one. Agile refers to the methods and best practices for organizing projects based on the values and principles documented in the Agile Manifesto. As Coding and Testing are done interactively and incrementally, during the. The Agile methodology is an iterative approach to project management. This Agile Methodology Tutorial is suited for all. This model of development combines the features of the prototyping model and the waterfall model. Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through the early and continuous delivery of valuable software. The goals are iterative development, orientation to customers, quick projects, and cross-functional teams. The most well-known companies that use agile methodology are Apple, IBM, Microsoft, and Procter & Gamble. Your leadership realizes you’re in a Wagile state and make the effort to completely let go of the waterfall and Agile hybrid. Features of Agile development include high levels of communication and collaboration, fast and effective responses to change, adaptive planning, and continuous improvement. This Agile framework enables companies to manage projects at a team level and conduct timeboxed tasks. Definition. SAFe is based on Lean and Agile principles and tackles tough issues in big organizations, like architecture, integration, funding, and roles at scale. Agile methodology was developed as a response to Waterfall’s more rigid structure. A gile is a f. Agile Methods and Principles. In which incremental builds are delivered to the customer in every two to three weeks’ time. Instead, it’s best defined as a project management principle. The Agile movement was born in 2001 during a meeting of 17 forward-thinking developers at a retreat in Utah. Responding to change over following a plan. Kanban is about envisioning the existing workflow in terms of steps. The 12 principles of Agile cover key concepts. Courses. It promotes customer satisfaction as their feedback and changes are embraced. The incremental parts of a project are carried out in short-term development cycles. Improved quality. It. Agile Scrum; Agile is a development methodology based on iterative and incremental approach. This hybrid approach is popular among project managers who feel limited by a single methodology. Plans for the number of iterations, duration, and scope of each iteration are clearly defined in advance. According to the Digital Project Manager, the main goal of Scrum Methodology “is to improve communication, teamwork and speed of development. The Disciplined Agile (DA) Framework describes aspects necessary for successful IT governance: 1. Improved team morale. However, there’s no one right way to. The agile development. There will be periodic interaction with the client about the ongoing software development cycle. Instead of planning and moving towards a delivery or launch date, the Agile methodology breaks the developmental process into iterative steps, allowing for flexibility, testing, and change throughout the lifecycle of the project. Planned in this manner, sprints are a forcing function that moves the product development process ahead in a rapid fashion, holding teams accountable for result metrics and doing so on a regular basis. Advantages of Agile methodology on SAP solutions: Using agile methodology, companies can deliver step-by-step production of any software in a ‘sprint’ of four weeks. Agile methodology provides increased flexibility and adaptability because it is designed to handle the changes and uncertainties common to many software development projects. John Wooden. Agile methodologies aim to. The agile methodology has two core elements: teamwork and time. Learn more about what Agile methodology is. It is an iterative and incremental process that allows for the continuous delivery of working software. 3. The Agile methodology is an approach to project management known for its incremental, iterative sprint cycles. There are four primary values in the Agile methodology:Pros. Testing happens in parallel with the development so that quality is ensured continuously. Waterfall approach does not require the participation of customers, as it is an internal process. 1. However, all will be adhering to Agile principles and values. The Agile SDLC development method focuses on collaborative decision-making, customer satisfaction, and development over multiple short cycles or sprints, rather than a top-down process with a single series of stages. As Agile teams are self-organized and self-managing, they have increased autonomy and authority over their decisions. There are several ways to integrate practices à la carte and the reasons for a mixed model might include: Here's how it works: Planning: A project begins with a Waterfall-like planning phase. The iterative development methodology of agile matches the principles of Lean software development. Agile is very much suited for projects where requirements and the end product are not very clear. Readiness for change is more important than following the original plan. In Waterfall, testing phase comes after the build phase. , 2001) and composed by agile practices (Jalali and Wohlin, 2010). Compared to traditional software engineering, agile software development mainly targets complex systems and product development with dynamic, indeterministic and non-linear properties. Teams can easily adapt to this procedure. Agile methodology is a group of specific approaches to project management that help adapt teams to different projects. This improves alignment, provides transparency regarding priorities, and ensures a common understanding of goals and deadlines. In this model, development and testing activities are concurrent, unlike the Waterfall model. Teams using agile methods get things done faster than teams using traditional processes. Some are hybrids of multiple methodologies. At the end of the sprint, they deliver the product to the customers, and in turn, the customers give the developers their feedback. The development time for each sprint is maximized and dedicated, thereby. We had a candidate project and our old waterfall methodology (complete with a power-point slide of a circular arrow representing iterative development. Agile methodologies are approaches to product development that are aligned with the values and principles described in the Agile Manifesto for software development. Complete visibility of the progress of each project in real-time. 1. There are four primary values in the Agile methodology:The key difference between “good Wagile” and “bad Wagile” is making it part of a continuous improvement process. Royce. Simply put, Agile Modeling (AM) is a collection of values, principles, and practices for modeling software that can be applied on a software development project in an effective and. Digital is constantly changing. This approach emphasizes the rapid delivery of an application in complete functional components. The agile methodology has two core elements: teamwork and time. Here, the aim is to provide the customer with an early and continuous delivery of valuable software. Modern Agile is an evolution of the software development methodology principles set out in the Agile Manifesto. Lean teams function as “Just In Time” systems. 2. The project manager will prioritize the most critical tasks if there are many. In this post, you will find the basics of agile methodology, the 12 agile principles as indicated in the Agile Manifesto and some critical elements of agile project management. The Agile method is a management process that empowers you and your team to respond to the ever-changing nature of business. Phase 1: Sprint planning. Agile methodology is one of the best ways to approach software development compared to other available methods. What is Agile project management? Agile project management is a newer methodology that relies on smaller groups and interactive releases throughout a project. Agile project management is an iterative approach to deliver a project throughout its life cycle [Source: APM ]. In an Agile practice, a project is broken up into sub-projects. Since then, lean practices have also emerged as a valuable agile methodology and so are included under the agile development umbrella in the. Agile values broke teams out of systems and processes that held back collaboration and flexibility. The following 12 Principles are based on the Agile Manifesto. Delivery of the projects is much faster. In actual, the Crystal Methodology is a class of small agile methodologies that incorporate Crystal Clear, Crystal Yellow, Crystal Red and many more. Rather than creating tasks and schedules, all time is “time-boxed” into phases called “sprints. These ‘time-boxed’ phases are called ‘sprints and last just a few weeks. This is achieved thanks to Agile principles and values established in the Agile Manifesto. 4. During the sprint planning phase, the Scrum master and team take a look at the team’s product backlog and select work to accomplish during the sprint. Like any Agile software development model, XP starts with planning. Be a servant leader 3. This should become the dominant successful methodology, even despite the pressure for quick deliveries and the unstoppable growth of agile philosophy. Here are nine of the most commonly used agile methodologies: 1. WAgile is sometimes referred to as Hybrid or Waterfall-Agile Project Management and it mixes together principles. The idea is to break the development process down into bite-size pieces, increments, allowing the developers to make fast gradual changes to create a perfect end product. The Spiral model is mostly used in large projects. Agile methodologies are one of the most influential project management tools driving the success of the U. Look into what agile methodology is, as well as some types and examples of it, such as scrum & learn, extreme programming (XP. Rather, Agile methodology is a mindset or way of approaching a project. The agile software development methodology helps promote keeping track of the software development process. Adaptability: Regardless of budgets and project size, agile methodology can be adapted to suit the needs of different software development projects. Development teams break large efforts into manageable increments and tackle them in time-boxed cycles. Encourage daily face-to-face communication between team members. By blending the structure of Waterfall with the. Fast failure is a notable. Here are some tips to show agility in a Wagile environment. Agile software development is a collection of iterative software development approaches in which requirements and solutions emerge from cooperation among self-organizing cross-functional teams. This methodology allows to provide a better output, more quickly, through short and interactive sessions / sprints. Lead by example 2. 5. Product teams use roadmaps to outline future product functionality and when new features will be. The following are the advantages of Agile methodology-. The Agile Manifesto. The Crystal method is among the more flexible agile frameworks, because it is designed around a project’s people and is not dependent on any single set of processes or tools. Dive into an overview of agile, its definition, and the steps to using it in. 2. The goals are iterative development, orientation to customers, quick projects, and cross-functional teams. The Agile method also uses techniques that promote a continuous customer focus, ensuring that the final product meets the customer's needs. “Failure is not fatal, but failure to change might be. Agile project management methodology is commonly used for software development projects. It is basically a signaling device that instructs the moving of parts in a ‘pull’ production system, developed as part of the TPS (Toyota Production System). Agile also finds significant use in project management, where it helps teams deliver their work in small, workable increments. Create the perfect Agile workflow and build a flexible Kanban system to visualize your work and improve project management with the Board view in ClickUp. A gile Methodology is one of the most commonly used practices in project management in current times. Agile methodology is a project management framework that breaks projects down into several dynamic phases, commonly known as sprints. Agile is an alternative development methodology that offers an entirely different experience from the Waterfall model. The Agile Methodology. In agile methodologies, the stories of the users are utilized to define the product features. Agile development example. Phase 2: Daily Scrum standups. Agile development is important because it helps to ensure that development teams complete projects on time and within budget. Top 16 Agile Tools for Your Agile Team. ClickUp. It replaces the traditional waterfall cycle with a repeating series of speculating , collaborate and learn cycles. However, incorporating Agile methodology into a company’s culture can be challenging. It consists of different frameworks such as SCRUM or Kanban that help development teams continuously build, test, and gather feedback on their product. Thomas A. It was unlike SAP but I continued reading. The authors of the Agile Manifesto chose “Agile” as the label for this whole idea because that word represented the adaptiveness and response to change which was so important to their approach. Agile follows the iterative and incremental model while promoting cross-functional team setups across the organization, i. What is Agile project management? Agile project management is a newer methodology that relies on smaller groups and interactive releases throughout a project. Because the Agile methodology allows you to make changes, it’s easier to add features that will keep you up to date with the latest developments in your industry. The BIS Scrum team is comprised of a Product Owner, a ScrumMaster, analysts, and developers. Here is the list of the top Agile interview questions and answers to help you prepare for the Agile process and Agile Methodology interviews. This course will NOT teach any type of code and is not meant to be technical in nature. Scrum software development methodology. Overview. Traditional project management is an established methodology where projects are run in a sequential cycle: initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, and closure. This blog post will discuss the definition of Agile SDLC, its phases, disadvantages, methodologies, and reasons for popularity. What is the Agile methodology? The Agile methodology is a project management approach that involves breaking the project into phases and emphasizes continuous collaboration and improvement. It may also be referred to as Minimum Viable Product (MVP) strategy as these ways of thinking are very much alike since both intend to speed up development by focusing on. Some methodologies, such as Agile, require a highly skilled and motivated team with. 2. This course is ideal for. Whether an organization develops applications with an Agile- or Waterfall-based methodology. The traditional approach is to estimate using a "bottom-up" technique: detail out all requirements and estimate each task to complete those requirements in hours/days, and then use this data to develop the project schedule. Multiple teams may also work on the same app, reducing the development time drastically. In contrast, Agile project management is the application of these methodologies to effectively plan, execute, and monitor projects while adhering to Agile principles. Agile Development is a methodology in which developers and other cross-functional teams champion efficiency, communication, short feedback loops, and quality in their software development projects. Models may be visual (diagrams), non-visual (text descriptions), or executable (working code or equivalent). While agile methods are also used in project. This iterative agile approach is more flexible and its short time-span iterations seek improvement for the project in small release, with minimal planning. 0, adaptive software development, Agile modeling, extreme programming (XP), feature driven development (FDD), and Lean software development. If Agile is the what, Agile. Hirotaka Takeuchi. According to Agile, testing is usually performed concurrently with programming. Not all methods cover all disciplines. These are the four core values stated by the Agile Manifesto: Individuals and interactions over processes and tools. Model. The agile methodology e nsures maximum customer satisfaction because customers and clients are always involved in every decision-making. Each one of them is a project in miniature: it consists of design, implementation, testing, and deployment stages within the pre-defined scope of work. Instead of creating a timeline for one large software development project, agile breaks the project into individual deliverable pieces. They prescribe a method for accomplishing work, with clear guidance and principles. In an Agile environment, you are divvying up work into Sprints, which are time-based bursts of activity, typically one-to-four weeks in length. Less disruption: A hybrid approach like Wagile would not force extreme change on the team. Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe trademark logo): The Scaled Agile Framework is a very structured method to help large businesses get started with adopting Agile. helps organize designing and planning methods, development and during a software lifecycle. Agile at scale. Agile Software Development is a software development methodology that values flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. Instead of betting everything on a big launch, agile teams deliver work in small, consumable increments. and. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation. Important Features of Agile Development Process. The most popular Agile methodologies are (XP, Scrum, ASD, Crystal, DSDM and FDD) and It has been adopted by a growing number of organizations worldwide. It uses early feedback and stakeholder involvement to determine the best possible path forward. Agile is a term used to describe software development approaches that employ continual planning, learning, improvement, team collaboration, evolutionary development, and early delivery. 5. Communicate clearly, honestly, and in a timely manner 6. What Are Agile Methodologies? Agile Methods Explained. According to Wysocki (2013), the agile process excels at tracking project progress by having daily or bi-weekly status meetings which keeps the managers constantly informed of the overall progress (Wysocki, 2013, p. 2. What is an agile methodology? Agile methodology refers to a people-focused and result-focused approach in any Software development company that also considered the rapidly changing technology in the world. For example, one project where agile principles were deployed was an application that consumers could use called BVA Wallet. Agile methodologies work well for smaller projects with a rapidly changing scope, while Waterfall may be better suited for larger, more structured projects. 2. The goal of each Agile method is to adapt to. 4. All methods of Agile are based on the following principles: quick response to any changes with the help of adaptive planning; joint elaboration of requirements;In the agile method, we give the utmost importance to customer satisfaction. The Agile methodology is a practice that encourages continuous development and testing throughout the software development lifecycle of a project. Fast and effective. Lean teams function as “Just In Time” systems. The project scope and requirements are defined at the start of the development process. Here’s how it worked:Agile methodology provided relentless focus on customer business requirements and ensures that a Minimum Viable Product is built as a solution. Scrum is the most commonly used Agile methodology. construction industry which reached a value of $1,589 trillion in 2021. Agile software development refers to methods and practices that provide value quickly, efficiently, and consistently to customers as it relates to the software development lifecycle (SDLC). Agile methodology is an approach to the project management which helps to respond to the unpredictability of building software through incremental, iterative work cadences, known as sprints. A document developed during agile planning. This is a family of Agile methodologies, and Crystal is one of the most flexible frameworks, giving tremendous freedom to the team to develop their own processes. Agile Methodology: Values, Principles, and Best Practices. Welcome dynamical necessities, even late in development. e. Here's how it works: Planning: A project begins with a Waterfall-like planning phase. The approach prioritises quick delivery, adapting to change, and collaboration rather than top-down management and following a set plan. An Agile software development methodology requires an Agile IT governance mindset. Having a basic understanding of the software development life cycle is important. Daily Sprint meetings offer continuous insight into how a project is moving forward and which tasks each team member has completed. There are however a few things a team can do to ensure success with the agile methodology. Teams follow a. As a result, it’s a much more fluid form of project management. Scrum is an agile project management framework that helps teams structure and manage their work through a set of values, principles, and practices. Similary, term software process as used by Humphrey (1989) is defined as set of tools, methods and practices used in software development. Through regular reflection, the team is. If your release starts with a project kick-off meeting, then ask questions about what the overall. Rather, Agile methodology is a mindset or way of approaching a project. Scrum. Each methodology has slight variations in the phases of software development. See full list on asana. There are two primary frameworks used in Agile: Scrum and Kanban. Hybrid project management—also known as blended project management—combines different aspects of Waterfall and Agile methodologies to craft a process that truly fits your team and projects. Crystal. It’s flexible, fast, and aims for continuous improvements in quality, using tools like Scrum and eXtreme Programming. The conventional waterfall method of developing software, in which programmers gather all of the user demands and specifications before creating the software as a whole. Agile methodologies are approaches to product development that are aligned with the values and principles described in the Agile Manifesto for software development. Agile – In The Beginning. Agile methodology is one of the simplest and most effective processes for transforming a business requirement into a software solution. As with some other Agile methods, initial requirements elicitation is excluded as is any delivery process at the back end. Agile methodologies enable organizations to deliver value to customers faster and with fewer complications by systematically managing projects and developing software in an iterative fashion. When we started to roll out Agile here, we had to do it in baby steps. Popular Agile methodologies include: Examples, when to use, advantages & disadvantages. The Crystal Agile methodology is one of many Agile process models. Software develops in incremental, rapid cycles. The heart of the process centers around iterative development — namely, enabling teams to deliver faster with a greater ability to respond to change. The Scaled Agile Framework ® (SAFe ® ) is a set of organizational and workflow patterns for implementing agile practices at an enterprise scale . Just as in Agile software development, an Agile project is completed in small sections. It is basically a signaling device that instructs the moving of parts in a ‘pull’ production system, developed as part of the TPS (Toyota Production System). Customer collaboration. This Manifesto was the answer to the problems that occurred in the software industry in the 1990s. Four Values of Agile. Agile software development methodology is an process for developing software (like other software development methodologies – Waterfall model, V-Model, Iterative model etc. Agile project management refers to an iterative approach to planning and guiding project processes. The focus is on simplicity. Among them: Satisfying the customer is the highest priority. It is a highly collaborative approach to work with the end user. Change is. Rather than the traditional, rigid model, Agile requires team collaboration, outside feedback and flexibility to be successful. Scrum is an agile team collaboration framework commonly used in software development and other industries. The colored “subway” lines represent practices from the various Agile approaches or areas of concern. The Agile method adheres to the 12 principles listed in the Agile Manifesto. As an example, the full. Agile – a project management approach based on delivering requirements iteratively and incrementally throughout the life cycle. Kanban is about envisioning the existing workflow in terms of steps. Therefore, it is essential to periodically return to previous processes to continuously improve the project. Agile is an approach to project management that centres around incremental and iterative steps to completing projects. The project scope and requirements are laid down at the beginning of the development process. The firms head of business development went onto say that: “With agile methodology, we could develop and very rapidly have new releases”. Your leadership holds onto the flawed idea that a hybrid of waterfall and Agile methodologies is the best path forward. Scrum Meetings: It is a highly collaborative working style of the team. 7. At the heart of any Agile project management is the work. In essence, that’s all an agile methodology is—a software development framework that focuses on the delivery of usable software to users quickly and consistently. Agile is an approach to software development that seeks the continuous delivery of working software created in rapid iterations. Agile methodologies (e.